Wrist ganglia are usually round or oval and filled with a gelatinous fluid. They most often appear on the dorsal aspect of the hand but can also form on the palmar surface of the wrist. Smaller cysts may be the size of a pea, while larger ones can reach several centimeters in diameter.
In most cases, they do not cause symptoms, pain, or weakness. However, in some cases, if they are large, they may cause localized pain with wrist movement or numbness by pressing on nearby structures. They may also cause difficulty in finger movement if they are associated with the tendons.
The exact cause of Wrist Ganglion formation is still unknown. They occur more frequently in women and typically between the ages of 15 and 40. Wrist injuries or activities that involve significant strain on the wrist and fingers are considered predisposing factors, as are arthritis and inflammatory conditions of the joints and tendons.
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Diagnosis is usually made through medical history and clinical examination. Less commonly, imaging studies such as X-rays or MRI may be needed to rule out other conditions, such as arthritis or a possible tumor.
The diagnosis of a Wrist Ganglion can also be confirmed through aspiration, a procedure in which the doctor uses a needle and syringe to withdraw fluid from the cyst. The fluid from a Wrist Ganglion is typically thick and clear or translucent.
Wrist ganglia are often painless and may resolve without treatment. If the cyst causes pain or interferes with joint movement, management options include:
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